Free Speech Zones Essay - 1897 Words

Benjamin Franklin once said, â€Å"Without freedom of thought, there can be no such thing as wisdom; and no such thing as public liberty, without freedom of speech.† Indeed, free speech is a large block upon which this nation was first constructed, and remains a hard staple of America today; and in few places is that freedom more often utilized than on a college campus. However, there are limitations to our constitutional liberties on campus and they, most frequently, manifest themselves in the form of free speech zones, hate speech and poor university policy. Most school codes are designed to protect students, protect educators and to promote a stable, non-disruptive and non-threatening learning environment. However, students’ verbal freedom†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Over the years, courts have ruled that college officials may set up reasonable rules to regulate the ‘time, place and manner† that the free speech can occur, as long as the rules a re â€Å"content neutral,’ meaning they apply equally to all sides of issues† (Fisher, 2008). Speech codes and free speech zones on campus do exist for many reasons: many of the causes or topics that students or others looking to interact with students take up are controversial and can frequently take on less of an academic or social justice overtone and more of a hateful one. Hate speech is the greatest threat to freedom of speech on college campuses, and the limitations colleges and universities put on student’s verbal freedoms are largely in place as efforts to avoid it. Religion, in particular, is a hot topic on campuses and it has an unfortunate tendency to become more aggressive and argumentative than universities would like. However, under the First Amendment, individuals do have a right to speech that the listener disagrees with and to speech that is offensive and hateful. It’s always easier to defend someone’s right to say something wit h which you agree. But in a free society, you also have a duty to defend speech to which you may strongly object. According to a report, published by the Foundation for Individual Rights in Education (FIRE), revealed that 62 percent of the 409 colleges reviewed have written policies inShow MoreRelatedInfringement Upon The Right Of Free Speech1356 Words   |  6 Pages Infringement Upon the Right of Free Speech One of the most notable rights stated in our constitution is the right to free speech. That right is engrained in the minds of every American since the creation of America itself, but currently the right to free speech is being tossed aside in the fear of conflict with opposing ideas or offensive content. College universities specifically have taken steps to impede upon this right through speech codes and other acts that restrict the right to speak freelyRead MoreCourt Proceeding Against Petitioners at the Women Health Center 834 Words   |  4 Pagessought and was granted by a trial court and injunction on several outcomes, which restrained the Petitioners’ ability to protest. The Petitioner’s appeal to the Supreme Court which claimed that the injunction restricted the protester’s right of free speech that was protected under the First Amendment of the Constitution. Statements of Facts: Judy Madsen and other protesters (the Petitioners) protest abortion clinics run by the Women’s Health Center (the Respondents). The protesters picketed and gaveRead MoreFreedom Of Speech Should Not Be Legal1644 Words   |  7 Pagessociety we see college as a Location for students to gain education and by the students gaining the education they obtain from colleges they than can use those skills to acquire a job that benefits the society we live in into a positive way. Freedom of speech is the right to express any opinion without being restrained by anyone, expressing ourself in part of being a person in that s what makes up who we are. We could believe in things,people or anything we have strong beliefs in. Students of any collegeRead MoreAmendments For The United States1562 Words   |  7 Pagesmost important amendments. From freedom of speech and freedom of the press to guaranteeing that the people hold power not given to the states or government, the first 10 amendments are the premise of the nation. The government is ideally set up to support these amendments; however, in recent times, some amendments may seem unsupported by the government. The first amendment has been imposed upon in more recent times with things such as free speech zones in colleges and laws such as the Federal RestrictedRead More The Anti-Free Speech Movement on Americas College Campuses Essay928 Words   |  4 PagesThe Anti-Free Speech Movement on Americas College Campuses The nations leftists, whether in academia or the news media tout themselves as advocates of free speech. Back in 1964, it was Mario Savio a campus leftist who led the Free Speech Movement at the Berkeley campus of the University of California, a movement that without question played a vital role in placing American universities center stage in the flow of political ideas no matter how controversial, unpatriotic and vulgar. FromRead MoreThe Importance Of Freedom Of Speech878 Words   |  4 PagesFreedom of speech is a basic fundamental human right. Whether or not on a college campus, people (especially college students) should have the right to speak freely. Everyone does have the right to speak freely, because it is one of the twenty-seven amendments. Colleges all around the United States are now home to many restrictions on free speech. For example, the idea and use of â€Å"free speech zones† has made its way to colleges everywhere. A â€Å"free speech zone† is a sidewalk sized place where studentsRead MoreThe Importance Of Freedom Of Speech956 Words   |  4 Pagesdiscussed on campus to protect their students, but this hinders the quality of the students learning. Public college campuses should not safeguard student’s free speech by providing safe spaces, presenting trigger warnings, or controlling who speaks on campus.   Ã‚  Ã‚   All students attending public colleges should be allowed the freedom of speech and not be shielded from what college officials deem necessary to censor. Colleges that provide safe spaces, physical places students can go to openly discussRead MoreCensorship : Censorship And Censorship Essay1513 Words   |  7 Pagescorrectness has become a form of censorship. With protestors forcing students to find alternate routes to school or pushing the administration to cancel guest speakers in fear of triggering students, the modern-day university is no longer a place of free, critical, thinking, but a place of censorship. Political correctness (is used to describe language, policies, or measures that are intended primarily not to offend or disadvantage any group of people in society. In Juan William’s essay, ‘Defying theRead MoreThe Expansion Of The United States1200 Words   |  5 Pagesbefore. The European discovery of North America, the Mississippian shatter zone, Louisiana Purchase, and the Mexican-American war are all historical events that changed the path and future of America dramatically, through the making of controversial decisions. The expansion started with humans on the move, and hunters tracking food/game across a recently discovered land bridge from Siberia to Alaska, where they discover an ice-free passage leading to the south. They continue and reach the great continentalRead MoreSpeech On Free Speech847 Words   |  4 PagesIn theory, free speech should be easy. By principle, people should be able to say what they want, and basic courtesy should take care of making sure people aren’t being hurt unnecessarily. The more time you spend in the world, however, the more apparent it becomes that it really isn’t that simple. Many places exist in a comfortable bubble where a majority of people share a common overarching mindset, so issues with free speech—what you can and cannot communicate to others—come to the forefront in

Effects of Financial Globalization on Developing Countries Literature review

Essays on Effects of Financial Globalization on Developing Countries Literature review The paper "Effects of Financial Globalization on Developing Countries" is a brilliant example of a literature review on macro and microeconomics.The term globalization broadly refers to the process by which countries become increasingly integrated globally over time. It is a phenomenon that is characterized by advancement in technology and increased the mobility of persons, capital, goods and even pollution across borders. Over the past few decades, the concept of globalization has taken the center stage among other hotly-debated topics in international economics. Various scholars have given differing views regarding the impact of globalization. Some have conjectured that globalization has led to increased wealth for developing states at the expense of the developing ones. In their opinion, there has been an imbalance in the distribution of the costs of globalization between the developed and the developing nations, with the poor states bearing the heaviest burden. Other writers diff er from this view and connote that as a result of globalization, the gap in the distribution of income derived from international trade has become less skewed between the developed and developing countries. This paper covers the views of various scholars who reason in favor of and in opposition to the process of globalization in regard to its impact on distribution benefits among the developed and the developing states while giving specific focus on the economy and the environment. Finally, the paper concludes that globalization benefits the developed nations at the expense of the developing ones. Various scholars strongly support the idea that globalization has led to economic inequality. For instance, Nayar (2006, p. 8), Acharyya, (2005, p. 2) and Prasad (2003, p. 65), are of the viewpoint that globalization has led to an increased freeing up of the produce from the low-income into high-income countries at low prices, leading to an increase in income inequality between the rich an d the poor countries. According to Nayar (2006, p. 8), this has been made worse by the fact that most developing countries have to export primary products to developed nations, which are unprocessed and of low quality and thus, attract low prices. For instance, Acharyya, (2005, p. 2) finds that African countries largely export primary agricultural products such as coffee, cotton, seafood, banana and tropical wood in the unprocessed form to European countries. Moreover, whatever little growth in exports of medium technology products that have been realized by a few of the developing states, has largely been driven by the outsourcing of crucial production activities by foreign multinationals. Acharyya gives an example of India which has been outsourcing software services rather than developing their own software packages (Acharyya, 2005, p. 1). This activity has led to increased exports for India but has failed to generate any flow-through effect to the rest of the economy in terms of overall productivity level. However, some scholars have taken stances to the contrary and suggested that globalization has led to an increase in wealth both in the developed and the developing countries. This is the position held by Bigman (2007, p. 88) and Baldwin and Winters (2008) and they explain that developing states are able to fight because they are a part of the international system. Kemeny (2009, p. 104), disagrees with this argument and offers two changes associated with globalization that work to the advantage of the developing countries. According to Kemeny, the developed nations are vacating some areas of production with the advancement in technology which is filled by the developing states. Kemeny gives an example of development in information technology in India and China in the 1980s and 1990s. Further, Kemeny opines that the role of human resources has emerged to be more important in international trade than the distribution of natural resources. Hence, he puts fo rward that in recent times there has been an increase in the specialization of production in developing countries. Though this argument might be correct, it fails to be convincing enough to contest the idea of the skewed distribution of wealth, as proposed by Nayar, Acharyya, and Prasad. Rangarajan (2006, p. 5) offers a strong argument in relation to the impact of globalization, which he believes has led to an increase in inequality between the developed and the developing countries. According to Rangarajan, globalization emphasizes efficiency and hence, benefits usually accrue to countries that are favorably endowed with efficient modes of production. Developed countries have a head start over the developing countries by far and are largely capital intensive in their production. They also have a technological base which is both wide and sophisticated. Contrary to that, developing states rely more on labor-intensive means of production, which are less efficient. Consequently, while international trade is meant to benefit all nations globally, much of the benefits flow to the rich countries. The argument offered by Kemeny is rather weak. This is due to the fact that there is a huge gap even in the area of human resources between the developed and the developing countries and hence, much of the benefits of globalization accrue to the developed states as Rangarajan (2006, p. 5) proposes. As noted earlier, there has been a disproportional distribution of the costs of globalization, with developing countries bearing the biggest burden. Some scholars have paid attention to the impact of globalization on the environment in both the developed and the developing nations. Lucas (2007, p. 13), notes that there are much higher regulatory costs for polluting activity in developed states compared to the developing countries. As a result, pollution-intensive industries in developed countries have a tendency to migrate to developing countries where weaker environmental regula tions give them a chance to thrive. According to Lucas (2007, p. 13), this explains the fact that the number of polluting industries has been increasing at a high rate in developing states recently. Further, Dinda, (2009, p. 5), Sachs (2009, p. 10) and Gillespie and Lellaive (2007, p. 38) note that developed countries are increasingly gaining in terms of environmental quality from international trade while the developing states are increasingly losing. Birundha (2008, p. 5) also supports this view and gives a useful example of India wherein 2000 the number of harmful emissions that foreign industries released into the environment amounted to 51% of all emissions. Other writers give different views. Antweiler et al (2001) and Liddle (2001) for instance point out that globalization has led to innovation in technology that reduces pollution, especially in developed countries. As such, they suggest that developing nations are increasingly relying on technological transfer from the devel oped countries and hence, benefiting from globalization. Whilst these arguments may be correct, they fail to clearly show the distribution of environmental pollution between the developed states and the developing ones. They do not give consideration to the fact that the number of foreign polluting in industries in low-income countries and from the rich states has been growing significantly as Lucas (2007, p. 13) demonstrates. In conclusion, globalization has led to skewed/uneven distribution of economic benefits from international trade between the developed and the developing countries. As noted by different scholars, the developed nations take the lion’s share of benefits at the expense of the developing states. Further, after a critical consideration of the various arguments advanced by different writers, we can argue that developing nations bear the heaviest burden of the costs of globalization, especially those related to environmental pollution. Therefore, it is not mi splaced to argue that the process of globalization benefits developed countries at the expense of the developing ones. ReferencesAcharyya, R 2005, Product standards, exports, and employment: An analytical study, Springer, New York Antweiler, W, Copeland, BR Taylor, MS 2001, ‘Is Free Trade Good for the Environment?’ American Economic Review, vol 91 Issue 4, pp. 877 – 908. Baldwin, RE Winters, LA 2008, Challenges to Globalization: Analyzing the Economics, University of Chicago Press. Bigman, D 2007, Globalization and the least developed countries: Potentials and pitfalls, CABI, Massachusetts. Birundha, VD 2009, ‘Globalization of Indian Economy and its Impact on Environment,’ viewed 01 November 2011, Gillespie, B Lellaive, X 2007, â€Å"Innovation, globalization, and the environment,† OECD Observer, No. 261. Dinda, S 2009, ‘Globalization and Environment: Can Pollution Haven Hypothesis Alone Explain the impact of Globalization on Environ ment?’ viewed 01 November 2011, Kemeny, T 2009, International technology gaps in the age of globalization, ProQuest, Los Angeles. Lucas, MS 2007, â€Å"Critical essay: Does Globalization Cause Inequity Among Rich and Poor Nations?† viewed 01 November 2011, Liddle, B 2001, â€Å"Free trade and the environment-development system†, Ecological Economics, No. 39, pp. 21 – 36. Nayar, BR 2006, India’s globalization: Evaluating economic consequences, East-Western Centre, Washington. Prasad, E 2003, Effects of financial globalization on developing countries: Some empirical evidence, International Monetary Fund, Washington DC. Rangarajan, C 2006, Responding to globalization: India’s answer, Economic Advisory Council of India, New Delhi. Sachs, J 2009, ‘Globalization in the era of environmental crisis,’ United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Trade and Development Board, Fifty-sixth session UNCTAD Geneva, 15 September 2009, v iewed 01 November 2011,

Ethical Healthcare Issues Free Essays

Running Head: ETHICAL HEALTHCARE Ethical Healthcare Issues Paper Wanda Douglas Health Law and Ethics/HCS 545 October 17, 2011 Nancy Moody Ethical Healthcare Issues Paper In today’s health care industry providing quality patient care and avoiding harm are the foundations of ethical practices. However, many health care professionals are not meeting the guidelines or expectations of the American College of Healthcare Executives (ACHE) or obeying the organizations code of ethics policies, especially with the use of electronic medical records (EMR). Many patients fear that their personal health information (PHI) will be disclosed by hackers or unauthorized users. We will write a custom essay sample on Ethical Healthcare Issues or any similar topic only for you Order Now According to Carel (2010) â€Å"ethical concerns shroud the proposal in skepticism, most notably privacy. At the most fundamental level, issues arise about the sheer number of people who will have ready access to the health information of a vast patient population, as well as about unauthorized access via hacking. †Ã‚  This paper will apply the four principles of ethics to EMR system. EMR History Pickerton (2005), â€Å"In the 1960s, a physician named Lawrence L. Weed first described the concept of computerized or medical records. Weed described a system to automate and recognize patient medical records to enhance their utilization and thereby lead to improved patient care† (para 1). The advantages of EMR system includes shared information integrated information, improvement of quality care, and adaptation of regulatory changes. Even though EMR systems have many advantages, EMR systems also have some disadvantages too. Some disadvantages of EMR systems are security, and confidential, which can raise ethical issues. In order to help identify and vercome ethical issues with EMR systems, health care professionals can use the four principles of ethics to help identify where ethical issues are compromised. The four principles of ethics are autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice. Autonomy According to Mercuri (2010) â€Å"autonomy means allowing individuals make their own choices and develop their own lives in the context of a pa rticular society and in dialogue with that society; negatively, autonomy means that one human person, precisely as a human person, does not have authority and should not have power over another human person† (para 2). Autonomy has an effect with ethics concerning EMR systems because health care organizations should have an EMR system that should maintain respect for patient autonomy. Respect for patient autonomy should have health care organizations to make decisions concerning user access of the records. Access of Records Before a health care organization implements an EMR system, they should have a security system in place, which includes â€Å"access control† component. Access control within an EMR system is controlled by distinct user roles and access levels, the enforcement of strong login passwords, severe user verification/authorization and user inactivity locks. Health care of professionals regardless of their level, each have specific permissions for accessing data. Even though the organization have the right security system in place to prevent unauthorized users from access patient records, autonomous patients will expect to have access to his or her records with ease. Access their record will ensure that their information is correct and safe. Beneficence According to Kennedy (2004) â€Å"beneficence is acting to prevent evil or harm, to protect and defend the rights of others to do or promote good† (p. 501). Beneficence has an effect with ethics when it comes to EMR systems because health care professionals can help to improve the health of individual patients by using patient records to help with medical research. EMR systems contain an enormous amount of raw data, which can innovate public health and biomedical research. This research will not only do good to help the health of individual patients, but also to the health of society (Mercuri, 2010). As a result, as new EMR systems are designed, patients should be given the ability to release information from their EMRs to researchers and scientists. Nonmaleficence Not only does beneficence have an effect with ethics concerning EMR systems, but also nonmaleficence. According to Taber’s Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary â€Å"The principle of not doing something that causes harm. Hippocrates felt this was the underpinning of all medical practice. He advised his students,  primum non nocere  (â€Å"first, do no harm†)† (â€Å"Nonmaleficence,† 2010). Nonmaleficence has an effect with ethics concerning EMR systems because it is the employee’s responsibilities to report any negligence or fraud of patient medical records. However, if an employee doesn’t report negligence or fraud it will cause harm to the organization and to the patient. Reporting negligence will make the organization aware of the problem and help them find a solution. Employees can help prevent negligence or fraud notifying management when a problem is discovered. Employees can also help prevent negligence or fraud by making sure that their system access information is secure. In addition, employees can also help prevent negligence or fraud by making sure that they are creating accurate records. If the employees follow these policies of EMR security systems, they will ensure that the patient medical records are secure and safe from harm. Justice Not only does nonmaleficence have an effect with ethics when it comes to EMR systems, but also justice. According to Mercuri (2010) â€Å"justice is commonly defined as fairness. With respect to health care, justice refers to society’s duty to provide its members with access to an adequate level of health care that fulfills basic needs† (para 5). Justice has an effect with ethics concerning EMR systems because EMRs are most helpful when the system is easy to use, fully integrated, and easily searchable. EMR systems have the potential to assist health care organizations by providing higher quality care to the users and to the patients. In addition, EMR systems also assist health care organizations by having a system that is more unbiased through advanced effectiveness. Conclusion Even though there are still some ethical issues with EMR systems, health care professionals are moving in the right direction by being more aware. Health care professional want to do the right thing by following the organizations code of ethics, but sometimes they are not always clear on how they should handle certain EMR systems situations properly. In order for health care professionals to handle certain EMR systems situations properly, they can use the ACHE as a reference. Using ACHE as a reference ensures that they are meeting ACHE standards. Health care professionals can also apply the four principles of ethics to determine a resolution. Applying the four principles of ethics ensures that they are following the proper protocols and guidelines and leaves considerable room for judgment in certain cases. Reference Carel, D. (2010, October). The Ethics of Electronic Health Records. Yale Journal of Medicine Law, VII (1), 8-9. Kennedy, W. (2004). Beneficence and autonomy in nursing: a moral dilemma. British Journal of Perioperative Nursing, 14(11), 500-506. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Mercuri, J. (2010). The Ethics of Electronic Health Record. Retrieved from http://www. clinical correlations. org/? p=2211 Nonmaleficence. 2010. Taber’s Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary, 21st ed, Retrieved from EBSCO host. Pickerton, K. (2005). His tory of Electronic Medical Records. Retrieved from http://ezinearticles . com/? History-Of-Electronic-Medical-Recordsid=254240 How to cite Ethical Healthcare Issues, Papers

Human Physical Appearance and Inner Beauty free essay sample

Beauty is an aspect, an attribute or characteristic that a person has which can be defined as anything that appeals the other individual. It could be ones looks personality or even habits that would be attractive to other people. It is really very hard to enumerate these features because they vary from one person to the next and are also very many. Physical beauty could refer to someones outer attributes such as elegance, complexion or figure while inner beauty is more concerned with someones traits such as a sense of humor, character or good general behavior, kind heart, empathy, always helping nature. This definition changes depending on how an individual perceives beauty. Science has alluded that one can be said to be beautiful if they possess facial features that are nearly symmetrical. This again is a very subjective issue that is yet to be fully proven. Inner beauty on the other hand is of the intellect and mostly refers to people with good intentions to pleasing others. It is therefore true to say that inner beauty is something that has to be psychologically or mentally perceived. Many argue that beauty of the inside is far better and more preferable than physical beauty. This is because, despite having any good looks, bad behavior is likely to tarnish ones attractiveness to others to an extent that the superficial attributes do not even matter anymore. One may be the personification of physical beauty but what matters at the end of the day is their inner beauty. Purity within outshines what is on the face and it will always show no matter what he physical looks are. Another key difference between outer beauty and inner beauty is that, while physical beauty is mostly given naturally through birth, one can however work toward attaining true inner beauty by simply changing their characters to match what is attractive to the people around them. The obsession with the search for only physical beauty neglects the inner beauty which could be the most important aspect in a human being. It is the aura that we bring about in our lives and even the spiritual aspect of our livelihoods. Attraction to physical matter can also be said as to be driven by subject matter while that of inner beauty is considered as being objective. Objectivity is about understanding the inside first, liking it and then liking the outside next. It is rather unfair to discriminate against physical beauty because the subject mostly has no say on how they would want to look from the outside but people can choose to be nice and well behaved, which turns out to be a very pleasant characteristic to possess for an individual. The demand for physical attractiveness is also short-lived as compared to the quest for inner beauty. People that are thought to be physically attractive could later seem not so appealing to them if they start to behave in an unpleasant manner. However, if someone is always well mannered and has a love and kindness to people, they will forever be perceived to possess inner beauty that cannot be taken away from them. Inner beauty is also about how you feel about yourself. When you feel beautiful, that is inner beauty. On the other hand physical beauty is left for the judgment of the onlooker. Inner beauty in this way is about how we feel and treat each other. We should also note that physical beauty changes everyday according to what the society reflects on us through television, movie, media, the role models around us religion and many other social factors. This therefore means that what looks beautiful today might not be regarded as beautiful in the future. This is unlike inner beauty whose fundamental principles can stand the test of time. Attributes such as kindness, love, helping others and many more have been considered as excellent inner beauty attributes for generations as well as across different sections of the society such as race and religion. I conclusion, we can say that inner beauty has a higher meaning on how we look at what is attractive. We should be more interested in the inner beauty first before seeking what is on the outside. This is however yet to be realized as most people are blinded by what they see on the outside only to later realize that the people they were attracted to are not as beautiful on the inside. As long as this happens, many will not fully enjoy the gift of people that are beautiful inside but rather be driven by an obsession to like what looks beautiful on the outside. Many have heard the old proverb â€Å"beauty is in the eye of the beholder† and how true these words are. One may see a person and find them attractive, while another sees nothing attractive in that particular person. Outer and inner beauty plays a major role in life, which leads to the fulfillment each one seeks. Both are needed but if one is magnified than the other, discrimination from others will be a problem. Whether it’s from looks or the beauty that lies within, it will be seen and sensed. Beauty is an asset to life which is needed, and both inner and outer are important. Being able to balance them both will enhance opportunities that will attribute to each one’s uniqueness and goals. Inner beauty by itself cannot always stand alone, just like outer beauty can’t as well, but it will always outshine outer beauty in the long run. Knowing the characteristics, how they attract others, and the healthy choices that are made are to be considered in finding true beauty that lies within each and every one of us. There are many characteristics to beauty, and both inner and outer play a role in what matters. As perceived, beauty depends on the one looking in, on what they think is beautiful. Inner beauty relates to one’s personality traits, habits, or even sense of humor. A person who has inner beauty is caring, understanding, helps when help is needed, and believes when all fail to believe. Standing up for what is just, and defending those who have no defender is a rare but powerful characteristic found in the hearts of those who possess inner beauty. However, outer beauty defines the elegance, features, figure, or complexion of one. But when it stands alone, outer beauty is nothing but selfish, greedy, and arrogant pride, mixed with good looks. A person may acquire physical traits of beauty, and have all the features and figure that come in the package, but if they have it alone one, action could cast all the. I define inner beauty as a beauty that someone has inside and they help you and are not judgmental. I define outer beauty as the beauty that is good to look at, but only in a physical sense. Beauty is defined in the Merriam-Webster dictionary as the quality or aggregate of qualities in a person or thing that gives pleasure to the senses or pleasurably exalts the mind or spirit. An even better explanation of beauty is Physical beauty is good, and it is definitely something that should be cultivated. However, there is a higher beauty than this mere physical type of beauty. This higher beauty is the beauty that we see when we observe people helping and serving others especially those in need. Although physical beauty is very valuable and good, this higher beauty is something that should be sought out even more. http://www. beauty007. com/art_phil_what_is_beauty. html Both inner beauty and outer beauty are great but only inner beauty can stand-alone. It would be a great thing for a person to possess both inner and outer beauty and some do. Not everyone looks at him or herself and think about their inner beauty. They only look and think they are not beautiful by looking at the outside. Its amazing the damage someone can do to someone by judging based on outer beauty only.

The Reasons of Yahoos Success

Industry and macroeconomic factors Inflation and economic recession are some of the economical factors affecting the search engine industry (Jones 2). Since the search industry depends of revenue from companies, any slight performance of these companies affects the performance of the entire industry (Jones 1).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Reasons of Yahoo’s Success specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Competitiveness and emergence of other customized portals, such as eBay, get into the search market making traditional players unable to break even (Jones 7). The shifting consumer demand also affects the search engine industry. This is in the sense that players have to adopt capabilities that can deliver on the end user demand (Jones 10). The future prospect of Yahoo Yahoo generates substantively its revenue from the sale of advertisements on short-term contracts. By January 2010, Yahoo had the world†™s largest market share in online display advertising. Yahoo’s United States market share for display advertising was at 17 percent followed by Microsoft at 11 percent and AOL came in third at 7 percent. The other competitive advantage is its customized web pages and services that meet the needs of customers (Jones 5). Yahoo’s high standard places the company at sustainable competitive advantage. The new innovative and novel products helped Yahoo set the benchmarks from the onset. Yahoo also has a stake of 40 percent in Alibaba Group Holding Ltd, which is valued at $120 billion (Jones 12). The success of Yahoo 2011 Table: Yahoo Revenue in millions Years 2011 2012 2013 Total Revenue $4,984 $4,986 $4,680 Net Income $1,048 $3,944 $1,360 Source: (Frier, Sarah and Aaron Ricadela par. 4). In the year 2011, social network Facebook overtook Yahoo in becoming the top search engine. The online entry of Facebook greatly reduced the market share. The loss of the top sp ot is attributed to the leadership strategies. The strategic recommendations by the top managers did not work effectively with the external and internal environments (Frier, Sarah and Aaron Ricadela 4).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The future revenue earning is estimated at over $80 billion from commercial advertisement through its radical business model by 2010-2015 (Frier, Sarah and Aaron Ricadela 5). However, this estimation has been scaled down due to the entry of Facebook, economic recession and other competitors. In September 2011, Carol Bartz is removed as CEO of the company. This was followed by successive removal and replacement of CEOs within short periods (Jones 11-12). The implementation of strategies by the top management was ineffective and this created wariness amongst the shareholders. Hence, the company had a challenge of finding a proficient CEO, who wou ld provide effective leadership with innovative, proper vision, mission and policy. Nevertheless, since the hiring of Marissa Mayer as a CEO on July 2012, the company performed successfully. Marissa Mayer was a former executive of the Google Company. Investment decision If I had money, I would have invested in the company, because Yahoo has promising future prospects. On July 2013, Yahoo outshined Google due to the number of visits to its websites. During this period, the number of United States visitors clicked at 196 million an increase of 21 percent per year (Womack 7). In 2012, Yahoo’s shares gained 58 percent. This year, the company plans to acquire San Francisco based Yelp company. Yelp’s shares have gone up by 30 percent (Womack 4). After a prudent analysis of Yahoo profitability and its management, investing in the company is highly recommended. Since the management is targeting and working effectively towards growing revenue, putting funds into the company is a good idea. Works Cited Frier, Sarah and Aaron Ricadela. â€Å"Yahoo Boosts Share Buyback by $5 Billion.† Bloomberg Technology. Web. Jones, Gareth R. â€Å"Is Yahoos Business model Working in 2011.† A case study (2011): pp. 1-13. Web.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Reasons of Yahoo’s Success specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Womack, Brian. â€Å"Yahoo’s Profit Tops Estimates as Mayer’s Turnaround Gains Steam.† Web. This essay on The Reasons of Yahoo’s Success was written and submitted by user Zeke Rowe to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

notes on Piet Mondrian essays

notes on Piet Mondrian essays o Born on March 7, 1872, in Amersfoort, the Netherlands. o He studied at the Rijksakademie van Beeldende Kunsten, Amsterdam, from 1892 to 1897. o 1908 he began to take annual trips to Domburg in Zeeland. o His work was naturalistic, incorporating successive influences of academic landscape and still-life painting, Dutch Impressionism and Symbolism. o In 1909, a major exhibition of his work was held at the Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam. o He joined the Theosophic Society. o In 1909 and 1910, he experimented with Pointillism and by 1911 had begun to work in a Cubist mode. o Mondrian decided to move to Paris. o From 1912 to 1914, he began to develop an independent abstract style. o Mondrian was visiting the Netherlands when World War I broke out and prevented his return to Paris. o During war years in Holland, he further reduced his colors and geometric shapes and formulated his non-objective Neo-Plastic style. o In 1917, he became one of the founders of De Stijl. This group extended its principles of abstraction and simplification beyond to architecture and graphic and industrial design. o Mondrians essays on abstract art were published in the periodical De Stijl. o He returned to Paris in July 1919. o He exhibited with De Stijl in 1923, but withdrew from the group around 1925. o In 1930, he showed with Cercle et Carr and in 1931 joined Abstraction-Cration. o World War II forced Mondrian to move to London in 1938 and then to settle in New York in October 1940. o he joined American Abstract Artists in NY and continued to publish texts on Neo-Plasticism. o His late style evolved significantly in response to the city. o In 1942, his first solo show took place at the Valentine Dudensing Gallery, New York. o Mondrian died February 1, 1944, in New York. ...

The electric guitar is an important cultural icon of the twentieth Essay

The electric guitar is an important cultural icon of the twentieth century - Essay Example This "The electric guitar is an important cultural icon of the twentieth century" essay outlines the impact of the electric guitar's innovation on the music's history. As music became popular in the 20th century, there was a need to have instruments with loud volume that captures musical performance. The innovation of electric guitar captured musical performance and attracted a number of audiences to music. In 1930s, it was evident that prolific jazz artists such as Aynsley Dunbar and George Duke used electric guitars in their performance. The instrument became a necessity to attract a large number of audiences. During that era, many electric guitars were sold. Some of the electric guitar pioneers of the 1930s and 1940s include artists such as Jazzmen, Oscar Moore, and Eddie Durham, country pickers Merle Travis and Noel Boggs, Muddy Waters, and T-Bone Walker. These artists paid attention to the new electric sound, which captured many of their audience. In the 1930s, jazz and country musicians such as Charlie Christian realized that the electric guitar had the ability to compete and ensemble music performance. Having lost faith and hope in the American dream, many young artists used the electric guitar in their performance to express their feelings of openness, confusion, new ideas, and new ways. Many artists realized that the electric guitar was an icon of the 20th century and the most applicable outlet to express thoughts and feelings about what was going on during that period. Guitar legends such as Jimi Hendrix, Jeff Beck, and Eric Clapton established creative and new ways to express themselves with the electric guitar. These artists ensured that their music and instrumentation captured many people to think of American policies and dreams that were lost during the Vietnam and cold war. The electric guitar became an icon to express thoughts on anti-war messages. The sound and melodies of the electric guitar attracted most people to music, which by that era wa s a powerful medium of communication (Sokolow 2008, p78). For instance, various genres and groups embraced the electric guitar to express their messages such as the civil rights and women’s rights movement. Black guitarists such as B.B King explored blues music with their electric guitar and this helped them to express their disappointments in America and their tribulations and trials. Women such as Bonnie Raitt clearly demonstrated how the electric guitar was an icon of the 20th century. In her music performance, Raitt used the instrument to express her thoughts on how women were discriminated in the society and denied their rights to exercise human and economic power. In most concerts, Raitt and King used electric guitar to express the deepest needs that affected the community such as racism, discrimination, and

Future of newspaper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Future of newspaper - Essay Example Information technology changed the era of mass communication to an era of mass communicators where more people could set up media outlets (Steinberg 1). This affected newspapers adversely. Mary Vipond identifies that newspapers had a near monopoly on advertising revenues in the Canada in the 1950s (60). However, in 1960, newspapers lost their share of adverts to television and this fell to 30.9% at the end of the decade. It declined further to 27% between 1990 and 1995 and has continued to fall since then (Vipond 60). In the United States though, the American Newspapers Publishers Association announced a steady increase in advertising revenues of $5,704 million in 1970 to $25,170 million in 1985 (Fink 6). After 1990 though, the revenues began to decline since there was the introduction of new media outlets like the Internet and computers. Since the running of a newspaper company is strongly based on revenues from advertising, most newspapers declined. Technologically, the proliferation of computers and consumer electronic products made a major difference. This is because news is a commodity that is based on timeliness. As such, stronger and faster methods of presenting news always cause slower methods to disappear. The coming of the Internet and mobile phones have caused a lot of traditional newspapers to open online outlets. More significantly, new broadcasters have set up their own media outlets to disseminate information. This has led to so much competition. Newspapers have responded to these changes by setting up Internet outlets through which they present their news and try to advertise. As such, most newspapers now run both a digital and the traditional paper prints. As more and more people continue to use the Internet, it is predicted that traditional newspapers are going to focus more on the Internet. This is because there is a continuous increase in the number of people who spend their time on the Internet. As such, more

Women Roles in Near and Middle Eastern, African and European Societies Research Paper

Women Roles in Near and Middle Eastern, African and European Societies - Research Paper Example Prior to the advent of Islam, the role and status of women was dependent on the tribe and area they belonged to or e.g. the Bedouin, the tribes of the south of the Arabian Peninsula, the tribes of Mecca etc. But the overall condition was still very bad because of the prevalence of customs like infanticide and unlimited polygamy. Women had virtually no legal status and no right to either inheritance or to divorce. V. M. Moghadam studied their situation and argues that the position of women was mostly influenced by the extent of urbanization, industrialization, and the political ploys of the management (Moghadam 4-9). Women had no role in the politics and had no suffrage rights. They were good only for producing male babies; female babies were even buried alive out of shame. Women were sold into marriages by their guardians and the suitor could end the marriage whenever he liked. Hatoon al Fassi, a Saudi historian, studied much earlier historical origins of Arab women's rights by using evidence from the ancient Arabian kingdom of Nabataea. Her findings indicate that Arab women in Nabataea had independent legal personalities but they lost many of their rights through ancient Greek and Roman law prior to the arrival of Islam. Many of these constraints became the part of the culture and were retained even after the advent of Islam (al-Fassi 12-18).The advent of Islam brought a lot of betterment for the condition of the women. They were given the right of inheritance and their consent was made necessary in marriage according to the edicts of Islam. Female infanticide was strictly prohibited. Quran, the Holy Book of Islam, carried the instructions that made elevated the status of women in the society. Where women were previously not allowed to get a formal education, its acquirement was made mandatory for both men and women in Islam. Women were seen in many roles after the arrival of Islam, as educators, teachers, and scholars and even as businesswomen. Women were fou nd working in a wide range of commercial activities and diverse occupations, for e.g. as farmers construction workers, lenders, dyers, spinners, investors, doctors and nurses, presidents of guilds, peddlers, brokers, scholars, etc. Muslim women also had domination over certain branches of the textile industry which was the largest and most specialized and market-oriented industry at the time, involving them in occupations such as dyeing, spinning and embroidery. In comparison and stark contrast, the property rights and wage labor for females were relatively uncommon in Europe until the Industrial Revolution in the 18th and 19th centuries. Similarly, women started playing an important role in the foundations of Islamic educational institutions, such as Fatima al-Fihri's founding of the University of Al Karaouine in 859. This positive trend continued through to the 12th and 13th centuries, when one hundred and sixty mosques and madrasahs were established in Damascus out of which twent y six were funded by women through the Waqf (charitable trust or trust law) system (Lindsay 191-196). Women of the contemporary Arab world

Decision Support Methods in Healthcare

Decision Support Methods in Healthcare Introduction Currently, healthcare practitioners are working hard to ensure that the safety of patients is guaranteed. They are also working toward averting expensive lawsuits that result from medical malpractices. Additionally, medical practitioners have devised mechanisms for the bar-coding of medicines, patients, and nurses to ensure that patients receive safe medicines and quality healthcare services (Tan, Sheps, 1998). Some healthcare systems are using decision support methods and relational database design to make effective decisions concerning patients care. In this paper, I will discuss the decision support systems and relational database design of Partners HealthCare System, Inc. Partners HealthCare System, Inc. uses complex medical intelligence systems to enable doctors and nurses make efficient decisions as pertains to patient care. Electronic Medical Administration Record (EMAR) is one of the database management systems that the healthcare system uses to make decisions and carry out its activities. Partners HealthCare System is a network that consists of various healthcare facilities. The network has medical centers, community hospitals, specialty healthcare services, and several basic healthcare specialists (Lighter, Fair, 2000). Partners HealthCare System, Inc. employs Oracle and SQL for the warehousing of its data. It also uses it for data mining and OLAP applications. Additionally, the organization makes wide use of CACHE, an Intersystem Corp based in MA, for various clinical purposes. The HealthCare System separates their mission to offer important healthcare for patients from other applications. Moreover, the System selected CACHE because of its highly availability, and high demands of effective patient care. CACHE forms a significant part of Partners relational database design and web application setting. It is particularly relevant to Partners mission in clinical applications because of the technologys use of algorithms and schemas that store data effectively. The performance of the database is enhanced by the sparse matrix storage method. The organization manages the application of CACHE over the web and this helps the Partners to have an advanced and substantial processing of transactions. CACHE has a distributed protocol, which effectively lessens network traffic (Shortliffe, Cimino, 2006). Consequently, there is increased processing of transactions. Additionally, it is easy to scale up the technology to serve several users without compromising its performance. CACHE technological innovation is a significant tool for the development of applications for patient care because it handles data in a more flexible way than other conventional relational database structures. The clinical department of Partners HealthCare System has complicated forms of data. Consequently, a lot of data cannot be classified effectively into two-dimensional systems. The advantage of CACHE is that it can consider data in two or more than two dimensional structure when necessary (Harrington, 2002). Partners HealthCare System Inc. has developed a modern wireless EMAR as an artificial intelligence for patient care. This development has particularly replaced all paper works carried out by nurses in recording medicine dispensation to patients. Moreover, EMAR technology uses advanced decision support systems and features that promote client safety. Through the technology, the medications in storage facilities, such as the pharmacy dispensing equipment, is bar-coded to enable nurses to scan the ID to verify that correct medications are supplied to the right clients. Additionally, the practitioner can scan his or her ID badge to create a completed inventory track of the medication course. Highest verification of medication procedures, as indicated by one of Partners nurses, takes place in the pharmacy. When the medical practitioner feeds information into the system concerning the prescription, the medication order is examined before it is made available for the nurse to deal with. Some artificial intelligences employed in the prescription are based on probability of medication reactions, likely patient reactions to the medications, and likelihood of overprescribing drugs to patients in relation to previous prescriptions. EMAR technology constitutes of several electronic reminders that help nurses in their daily medication prescriptions thereby enabling them to solve problems arising during patient care processes. For instance, the technology provides cues that remind nurses concerning such issues like prescription overdue, or recording of patients pain level to decide whether the administration of a particular medication is effective or not. However, nurses take into consideration that EMAR checking does not replace their role in evaluating situations to make decisions (Shortliffe, Cimino, 2006). The checks enable nurses to have confidence that the safety of patients is guaranteed. EMAR is compressed in wireless computers and laptops with readers of bar-codes, and this allows nurses to move closely to the patients with their computer system. By bringing the scanner to the patients bedside, risks and errors are eliminated. For instance, if a medical practitioner enters a wrong medication order after a drug prescription at the pharmacy, the nurse will receive an alerting message on his or her laptop screen, as he or she scans the patient prior to drug administration. Artificial intelligence innovation for decision support is employed by various medical practitioners to make the decision support systems more useful. CACHE technology serves an important role in enhancing workflow among healthcare systems and benefits contributors. Through CACHE applications, insurance organizations are connected with healthcare systems to deliver services to patients. CACHE applications promote the workflow between third-party companies and Partners HealthCare System. For instance, relational database design of a real-time query between the healthcare organization and insurance firms aids in determining eligibility for benefits. This affects the organizations capacity to collect finances for a medical situation while improving the workflow (Wager, Lee, Glaser, 2005). Applications have been developed to connect Partners system of order entry of medications to database of pharmaceutical organizations to ascertain whether particular medications are covered by particular payers. The incorporation of this element into the drug prescription process has resulted in improved workflow in drug prescription, and it ensures that Partners HealthCare System, Inc. is compensated for the medications prescribed. Partners HealthCare indicates that CACHE applications have benefits associated with their usage. This technological innovation employs open standards. Consequently, it enables interoperation among several platforms. Therefore, CACHE is crucial in the implementation of web services to link several systems. CACHE is also cheap because Partners achieve their mission for patient care from the product hardware without necessarily investing large amounts of funds in other technologies. Moreover, CACHE applications do not require complex management as compared to SQL and Oracle developments. CACHE is more accessible and easy to maintain whereby medical practitioners use computers directly in healthcare settings (Shortliffe, Cimino, 2006). The figure below represents an entity-relationship model used in Decision Support Methods in Healthcare and Relational Database Adopted from: http://www.andrew.cmu.edu/user/rpadman/Data%20management%20technologies-%20day%202%20slides.ppt Health and Human Services (HHS) department indicates that there is need for the advancement in the database systems of healthcare services to create a nationwide database that uses electronic medical recording to trail an individuals dealings with the healthcare system from birth till death. As a means of staying relevant to the HHS requirement, Partners HealthCare System has implemented an electronic health information management (e-HIM). This requires the healthcare organization to guarantee the accessibility of information to promote advanced healthcare provision and essential health matters required to make decisions for use in various environments and organizations. Nevertheless, these objectives will only be realized when there is efficient, accurate, reliable, and secure storage of information in efficiently designed automated databases (Wager, Lee, Glaser, 2005). Relational database is the most common kind of database employed in healthcare systems. It tracks patient care including various forms of treatment, results from the treatments, and significant indicators of states of patients such as pulse rate, level of blood pressure, and blood glucose. Moreover, relational database interlinks with several information structures in healthcare service systems such as Partners. For example, a relational database in the section of cardiac care is linked directly with the registration system of the healthcare facility. Once a patient is registered, information concerning him or her is relayed to the database through health level seven procedures (Shortliffe, Cimino, 2006). This allows cardiac care practitioners to focus on offering the best care to the patient because they do not need to register the patient again. Relational database reduces the need for paperwork in recording and transfer of information. It also improves efficiency in healthcare systems while acting as an accounting tool. For instance, patients suffering from diabetes, who exhibit fairly similar signs and symptoms such as overweight and high levels of blood glucose, can be closely examined to ascertain the manner in which various medications, like Glucovance, help in managing their symptoms. Moreover, relational database is essential as it determines patients at risk, for instance, individuals with aneurysms in family history. When these patients are recognized they undergo screening to avoid suffering from certain ailments (Wager, Lee, Glaser, 2005). Decision trees are used in Partners HealthCare System and other healthcare facilities to help in solving of clinical and healthcare problems. With the increase in the difficulty of clinical problems, there is an exponential increase in the probabilities and uncertainties, and this means that sophisticated solutions, rather than the simple ones, are required. Consequently, in these scenarios, decision trees become more suitable because they take into consideration weighted probabilities and anticipated outcomes (Harrington, 2002). Decision trees help in clinical situations because they present precisely and instructively the procedures with which the medical practitioner provides care to a patient as indicated by clinical and laboratory diagnostic results. The extensive procedures are routinely attained at basing on previous use of algorithms and decision trees in solving clinical problems. Medical practitioners use such procedures cautiously when practicing clinical medicine. When using decision trees, the physicians recognize that clinical decision models are different from mathematical representations. When protocols are employed to give directions, they prevent undesired or costly clinical processes (Tan, Sheps, 1998). Protocols are normally used to evaluate benefits of using a particular prescription or a new type of drugs. Accurate protocols allow for the collection of information from various healthcare facilities because patients are put under a stringently defined management process. Moreover, if the protocols are accurately defined and monitored, wise conclusions are reached at when drugs are used effectively. Protocols and other decision making techniques have various advantages. They enable clinical practitioners to efficiently learn on how to solve clinical problems. They enable medical practitioners to formulate some questions that enable them to define clinical problems at hand. They present precise scientific and systematic procedures for solving clinical problems. Moreover, they are efficient as regards to time, effort required, and cost. Decision trees and protocols form the foundation upon which significant knowledge of particular clinical problems is evaluated. Additionally, these decision making tools help medical practitioners to consult each other concerning particular clinical problems, and they form suitable means to evaluate clinical activities. Decision trees and protocols are also beneficial to patients because they increase the probability that the patient will receive high quality care, maximum effective results from medications, and more effective medical aid. Moreover, decision trees enable the avoidance of unnecessary prescriptions and medicines thereby assuring the client that only the necessary treatment is achieved. Furthermore, these tools ensure cost-effective and standardized treatment. Below is an example of a decision tree for appendicitis (Wager, Lee, Glaser, 2005) Perforated Operate inflamed Decide now Perforated Not operate inflamed Perforated Patient worse Inflamed Perforated Wait seven hours Patient same Inflamed Expert systems and decision making techniques entails the clinical decision support systems CDSSs, which are computer programs devised to offer expert support to healthcare practitioners in the making of clinical decisions. These expert systems employ integrated clinical information to enable doctors to evaluate data concerning patients thereby making relevant decisions as concerns to the diagnosis of diseases, their prevention and medication. Expert systems are available in various healthcare departments including pharmacy, dentistry, and medicine (Lighter, Fair, 2000). Many CDSSs constitute of four fundamental components. These are inference engine (IE), knowledge base (KB), working memory, and the explanation module. The inference engine is the major part of the system, and it uses the information stored in the system together with the information about the patient to make decisions concerning particular situations. Moreover, the IE manages the kind of activity that the system can initiate. For instance, it establishes the alert and reminder procedures in an alerting mechanism. Moreover, it determines the conclusions or decisions that can be displayed on the screen of the diagnostic system. The KB represents the information used by the IE. For instance, in a case of caries, the KB will present information concerning the risks for fresh lesions and their levels. Knowledge bases are created either by a domain expert or by a computerized procedure. The creation of knowledge by an engineer involves the assistance of a clinical domain specialist who ed its and manages the KB. On the other hand, in a computerized process, information is obtained from external sources that include journal articles, books, and database using a particular computer application (Harrington, 2002). Information collected concerning a patient is stored in the database or modified into a message. This forms the working memory. Patients information ranges from demographic features such as gender and date of birth, drugs in use, allergies, and previous medical problems, among other data. All CDSSs do not contain the explanation module. The explanation module serves the purpose of creating validations for the decisions made by the IE when using the information in KB against patient information within the working memory. CDSSs work in a synchronized manner in that they communicate directly with the medical practitioner who waits for the information from the system. An example of this application is one which examines interactions between drugs or likely allergies experienced by patients in response to particular prescribed medicine. When working in a synchronous approach, CDSSs carry out their rationalizations in an independent manner without the aid of any user (Gillies, 2002). For instance, the production of a reminder for a checkup or hygiene takes place independently. Clinical Decision Support Systems are categorized as either open or closed loop structures. In open-loop system, the CDSS makes decisions but it does not initiate an action on its own. Examples of open-loop systems are applications that produce alerts or reminders. The eventual decision concerning the activity to be performed is determined by the medical practitioner. On the other hand, in closed-loop systems, the system initiates the action without involving a medical practitioner. Other significant types of CDSSs include consultation systems, clinical guidelines, and event monitors. A consultation system entails situations where a medical practitioner enters information concerning a patient into the system. Information entered may include patient demographic characteristics, medical history, and physical diagnosis, among others. The system then lists the problems related with the situation and provides possible solutions. An event monitor, on the other hand, constitutes of software that collects all data copies accessible in electronic design within the healthcare facility and employs its knowledge base to relay alerts and reminders to medical practitioners when necessary (Lighter, Fair, 2000). Clinical instructions are integrated in the CDSSs, and they are invented by clinical experts and distributed by professional or state organizations. In this case, the clinical guidelines serve as official statements to recommend the most appropriate practices as pertains to particular clinical problems. Researchers in clinical field have invented standardized representations of information to promote the sharing of the guidelines. An example of standardized representation of information is the Guideline Interchange Format (GLIF) or Arden Syntax. Arden Syntax refers to an American National Standards Institutes (ANSI) standard used to represent quantifiable clinical information (Wager, Lee, Glaser, 2005). Arden Syntax presents decision rules known as medical logic model (MLM). Moreover, every MLM has adequate reasoning to enable it make a clinical decision. On the other hand, the Guideline Interchange Format (GLIF) constitutes of a format interpretable by the computer to enable representation of clinical practice directions invented by InterMed collaboration, which is a project carried out jointly at Stanford, McGraw, Harvard, and Columbia University laboratories (Gillies, 2002). This application serves as a language that can be used for general purposes to develop and implement clinical decision support systems, which are applied in various clinical spheres. Besides supplying recommendations for patient care, the application can be used to ensure quality and medical knowledge. Therefore, decision support systems help healthcare professionals to make relevant decisions when dealing with patient care to ensure maximum quality and safety for the patients.

Teacher-Student Relationships Essay -- essays papers

Teacher-Student Relationships First and foremost, teachers should focus on their relationship with the students, because without that bond, there is little chance of managing the classroom efficiently. Students should be aware that the teacher wants them to be successful both in and out of the classroom (Backes & Ellis, 2003). The best way for teachers to show students this desire is to exhibit a personal interest in all aspects of the students’ lives (R.J. Marzano, J.S. Marzano, & Pickering, 2003). A personal interest can be revealed by a variety of simple tasks including cheerfully greeting students in the hallway (Backes & Ellis, 2003), talking informally with students before and after class, attending various extracurricular activities and acknowledging the students’ participation and achievements in those activities, and saying hello to students in places outside of school such as the mall (R.J. Marzano, Pickering et al., 2003). Students’ lives and emotions outside of the classroom s hould be valued by teachers, because students are more likely to respect themselves and their classmates when they believe that their feelings are respected and cared about by teachers (Wessler, 2003). Essentially, students, â€Å"like all of us, respond better to correction – even ultimatums – from someone they know and respect† (Mathews, 2000). Once teachers have established a bond with their students, it will be easier for them to create an inviting and comprehensive classroom environment. When teachers have good relationships with their students, they learn more about the students as individuals, and thus become more aware of the student’s interests, needs, and family background. Teachers can use this information to make sure that ever... ...rch/EBSCO Database. Churchward, B. (2003). Discipline by design. Retrieved November 9, 2004 from http://www.honorlevel.com/x47.xml Education World, Inc. (2004). Responsive classroom strategies. Retrieved September 27, 2004, from http://www.educationworld.com/a_curr/columnists/charney/charney003b.shtml Glencoe/McGraw-Hill. (2004). Classroom management. Retrieved September 27, 2004, from http://www.glencoe.com/sec/teachingtoday/tiparchive.phtml/4 Pearson Education, Inc. (2004). Classroom management. Retrieved November 3, 2004, from http://www.teachervision.fen.com/page/5776.html Hafner, K. (2004, April 29). In class, the audience weighs in. The New York Times, p. G1. Mathews, J. (2000, December 19). On good authority; Maintaining discipline is key to students’ success, but new teachers rarely learn classroom management. The Washington Post, p. A19.